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콘텐츠 기본 정보(N2C)

콘텐츠 기본 정보
UCI I801:1606003-013-V00001
제목 Secret Weapon of the Imjin War, Seungjachongtong Victory Gun
콘텐츠 유형 동영상 언어정보 영문
생산자 정보
생산자 정보
생산자 생산일자
한국문화재재단 2018-12-31
기여자 정보
기여자 정보
역할 정보 기여자 명
제작사 아리랑TV
주관 한국문화재재단
기술 정보
기술 정보
기술 영역 기술 내용
기타정보
내용정보 보물 제648호 승자총통, 보물 제854호 세총통
내용정보_신규
역사정보 조선시대, Joseon Dynasty
역사정보_시대국가
인물정보 선조, 김지, 이일장군, 망암 병이중, Kim Ji, Byeon Yi-jung
지리정보 전라도, Jeolla-do Province
관련 키워드 승자총통;세총통;선조;김지;이일장군;망암병이중;병이중;조선;Victory Gun;Weapon;Seungjachongton;Joseon;Kim Ji;Imjin War;Jeolla-do];Byeon Yi-jung;Haengju Battle;행주대첩;Byeokpajin\;Byeokpajin;벽파진
내용 The hero that destroyed Japanese army with the new weapons.
The Seungjachongtong Victory Gun.
대본 정보 The Grand Heritage #1

NAR> Joseon’s secret weapon which led an impossible battle toward victory!

Sub> Secret weapon of the Imjin War!

The smelting skills,
the gunpowder-making skills,
the manufacturing process and usages of the time
were all combined to make it.

NAR> The hero that destroyed the Japanese Army equipped with new weapons!
The Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun.

Subtitle> Joseon’s firearm that incapacitated Japan’s new weapons

It can be regarded as the most evolved and advanced
firearm of all Korea’s small firearms.

NAR> The science and secret behind the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun,
which faced 30,000 Japanese troops during the Imjin War, are revealed.

Subtitle> Seungjachongtong Victory Gun
which faced 30,000 Japanese troops!

Title> Secret Weapon of the Imjin War
Seungjachongtong Victory Gun

NAR> The Korea Army Museum has a comprehensive collection of historical military artifacts.
Among the diverse firearms is a portable one made in the Joseon Dynasty.

Subtitle> Korea Army Museum

NAR> It is the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun.
The Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun,
which was developed by Kim Ji, the Naval Commander of Jeolla-do Province,
gave birth to Korean rifle development.

Subtitle> Seungjachongtong Victory Gun (Treasure No. 648)
Made by Kim Ji who was the naval commander of Jeolla-do Province
between 1575 (8th year of KIng Seonjo) and 1578 (11th year of King Seonjo)

NAR> In the case of Narrow Guns used in the Early Joseon Dynasty,
their lengths did not exceed 14 cm,
but the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun
had the minimum length of 52 cm.

Subtitle> Sechongtong Narrow Gun (Treasure No. 854)
Portable firearm used in the Early Joseon Dynasty

Seungjachongtong Victory Gun (56.8 cm)
Sechongtong Narrow Gun (13.8 cm)

KIM Byeong-ryun / Korean army history expert

Gunpowder explodes from within, so when the projectile
is inserted and receives energy through a long barrel,
the velocity becomes higher, and with that,
the firing range also becomes longer.
In that aspect, the Seungjachongtong Victory Gun
has a longer barrel than previous guns,
so it has a longer firing range
and therefore a better accuracy rate.


NAR> The Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun
is made up of a muzzle of 7 bamboo part shapes,
a cartridge to store the gunpowder, and a handle.


Subtitle>
Handle

Cartridge

Muzzle

NAR> An inscription of the weapon is carved on the handle,
and there is a hole in which a wooden grip can be inserted.

The gunpowder cartridge is 12 cm in length,
with a form in which the string can pass through,

The muzzle which loads the bullet is made up of several joints
to absorb the shock and heat caused by gunpowder explosion.

Subtitle> Stopper Gun
Wooden stopper is inserted between the cartridge and projectile
to create a large explosion from a small amount of gunpowder

NAR> Inside the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun
is a stopper to maximize the pressure of the gunpowder,
and conventional stoppers were usually made of wood.

Subtitle> Clod Gun
Clay clod is inserted between the cartridge and projectile
to create a large explosion from a small amount of gunpowder


NAR> The Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun, however,
was the first iron bullet rifle which used a clod instead of wood.

Subtitle> KIM Seong-hye / Deputy Curator, Korea Army Museum

When material like clay, which can be easily acquired
in field operations, is used instead of wooden stoppers

to shoot bullets rather than arrows,
it yields better penetration and killing power.

NAR> Gunpowder was inserted in the cartridge, an iron bullet was loaded,
the wick was lighted, and the bullet was shot
through the pressure created by the explosion.

Records on how the gun proved greatly effective
during the suppression of Ni Tang-gae (니탕개)’s Rebellion
and the conquest of Sijeon (시전) Village

Subtitle>The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty
The Annals of King Seonjo 22

The Seungjachongtong Victory Gun
created by late soldier Kim Ji
is of great help when defeating enemies
at the war in the northern region,
so the King posthumously decorated him
and his son with official positions.

KIM Seong-hye / Deputy Curator, Korea Army Museum

This is a painting depicting the sight of General Yi Il
conquering Sijeon Village and the enemy surrendering.

NAR> Sijjeon Village, the hub of the Jurchen that ransacked our grain,
was occupied prior to the harvest,
and the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Guns were used then.

Subtitle> Jangyanggongjeongtosijeonbuhodo Painting
Scene of General Yi Il (1538~1609)’s conquest of the Jurchen Sijeoun Village
and interrogation of the prisoners of war


KIM Seong-hye / Deputy Curator, Korea Army Museum

In the lower part of the painting is a list of the soldiers
who enlisted in the battle,

and if you look at the 13th line,
you see the name “Right Fire Warrior Yi Sun-shin.”

This is when Yi Sun-shin became the first platoon leader
to win victory by using the Seungjachongtong Victory Gun.

Yi Sun-shin


NAR> When the Imjin War broke out, the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun
revealed its power.
General Kim Si-min fought against 30,000 Japanese with 3,000 Koreans
at Jinju Battle.

Subtitle> PARK Jae-gwang / Head, Dept. of Arts and Sciences, Konkuk University Museum

The Seungjachongtong Victory Gun was innovated
in order to become a gun similar to a fowling piece.

That played a considerable role
in winning victory at the Jinju Battle.

NAR> The navy came armed with rifles said to drop birds from the sky.
This rifle with great portability and accurary
was a new weapon to be feared.

Subtitle> Fowling piece rifles
Originated in Europe as a firelock with a name signifying
that it can shoot and drop flying birds in the sky

NAR> Then how is the power of the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun,
which challenges rifles?

Subtitle> This is the Seungjachongtong Victory Gun.

NAR> Length 57 cm, caliber 2.7 cm.
This is an exact replica of the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun made in 1587.

The gunpowder wick was placed inside the cartridge.
4 g of gunpowder was added,
15 iron bullets the diameter of 1 cm were added and a clay stopper was inserted.
The distance between it and the target was set at 13 m,
and the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun was placed on sand bags
to prevent the heat and backfiring of the weapon.


Subtitle> Now, let's shoot!

NAR> The balloons burst at once.

Subtitle> LEE Jae / Director, Korea Research Institute of Military Heritage

All the middle balloons burst open.
That means the bullets hit the middle part accurately.

- How many got shot?
- 10 of them. 10.


NAR> The 1.5cm –thick plywood was also pierced through.


Subtitle> You can witness the power
of the Seungjachongtong Victory Gun.

The range is only 13 to 14 meters,
but when the enemy is within that range, they will be shot.


NAR> In order to get an objective result, the test was done in the army.

Subtitle> Seungjachongtong Victory Gun Performance Test

NAR> We used a computer measuring instrument to measure the speed five times.
The result was extraordinary.
9g of gunpowder yielded a speed of 345 m per second,
rivaling the speed of revolvers.
Had 37g been used just like during the Imjin War,
its speed would have been up to par with modern rifles.

Subtitle> PARK Jae-gwang / Head, Dept. of Arts and Sciences, Konkuk University Museum

A maximum firing range of 700 to 800 m can be possible,
and the effective range for killing someone is 150 to 160 m,

so it’s powerful enough to shot and kill a person
within a range of 160 m.


NAR> The Japanese Army armed with rifles
and Joseon armed with Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Guns
clashed during the Jinju Battle.
Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Guns
prevented the Japanese from entering Jinju Castle,
and Joseon guarded it despite the ratio of 30,000 men to 3,000 men.

At the Haengju Battle in February, 1593,
a freight car for the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun appeared.

Subtitle> Painting of Haengju Battle

Subtitle> Mangam Freight Car
Vehicle developed by Mangam Byeon Yi-jung in the Joseon Dynasty
for scores of loaded guns to be transported and used simultaneously


NAR> This is the Mangam (망암) Frieght Car.
It was a new weapon developed by then-official Mangam Byeon Yi-jung (망암 변이중),
and could load 40 Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Guns on its three sides.


Subtitle> Collection of Mangam
Works of Mid-Joseon scholar Mangam Byeon Yi-jung


NAR> This huge freight car weighing around 1 ton
was made into 300 cars over four months,
and 40 of them were used during the Haengju Battle.

Subtitle> Mangam Freight Car recorded in the Collection of Mangam

NAR> The maximum amount of iron bullets shot by the
Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun in one round is 15.

Subtitle> Mangam Freight Car Demonstration

NAR> The Mangam (망암) freight car with 40 Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Guns
can shoot up to 600 bullets in continuous action,
and if 40 freight cars shoot together, 24,000 bullets.


Subtitle> KIM Byeong-ryun / Korean army history expert

In pre-modern wars, bodies were revealed
and camps were formed for combat,

so if 24,000 bullets could be shot simultaneously
to enemies in close formation,

a barrage fire effect similar to modern machine guns
could be displayed.

The fact that certain Japanese records have the quote
“Something like rafters flew toward us,”

implies the incredible fear
they must have felt at that time.

NAR> 2,300 in the Joseon Army and 30,000 in the Japanese Army.
The enormous firepower of the Mangam (망암) freight cars
and the outstanding tactics of General Kwon Yul (권율)
won victory for Joseon at the Haengju Battle.

Subtitle> Painting of Haengju Battle

NAR> On the other hand, 3 small Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Guns
were excavated in the sea off Beokpajin in 2012.

Subtitle> Seungja


NAR> Beokpajin was where the Joseon naval forces were positioned
before the Myeongnyang Battle.
It can be deduced that General Yi Sun-chin, who used the Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Guns on the Jurchen, could have used it at sea also.


Subtitle> YOON In-su / Researcher, Hyeonchungsa Shrine Office

This is most definitely the Seungjachongtong Victory Gun
used during the Myeongnyang Battle in 1597.

With this Seungjachongtong Victory Gun,
it has different names from previously discovered guns,

and its shape is also shorter than other guns of its kind.


NAR> In the War Diary of General Yi Sun-sin are accounts of the usage of the
Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun during the Imjin War.
This was the first time the real object was found.

Subtitle> June 2nd, Year of Imjin
They shot relentlessly at the palace
and at Seungjachongtong Victory Guns,
then the Japanese leader fell after being hit by an arrow.
All the Japanese forces were shocked and scattered.
We exterminated them
without leaving one man behind.


NAR> Through the Battle of Byeokpajin (벽파진),
Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun was proven as the best portable firearm
in the Mid-Joseon Dynasty that could frequent both the land and the sea.


Subtitle> Secret weapon of the Imjin War,
Seungjachongtong Victory Gun!

NAR> The Seungjachongtong (승자총통) Victory Gun was the secret weapon
which incapacitated Japan’s new weapons.

It was the hidden hero behind the resplendent weapon science of the Joseon Dynasty.

Provided by/ Korea Cultural Heritage Foundation
Produced by/arirang

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