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전자자원소장처 한국문화재재단
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콘텐츠 기본 정보(N2C)

콘텐츠 기본 정보
UCI I801:1606003-013-V00003
제목 Armor of Joseon, Dujeonggap Studded Armor
콘텐츠 유형 동영상 언어정보 영문
생산자 정보
생산자 정보
생산자 생산일자
한국문화재재단 2018-12-31
기여자 정보
기여자 정보
역할 정보 기여자 명
제작사 아리랑TV
주관 한국문화재재단
기술 정보
기술 정보
기술 영역 기술 내용
기타정보
내용정보
내용정보_신규
역사정보 조선시대, Joseon Dynasty
역사정보_시대국가
인물정보 세종, 성종, 이봉상장군, King Sejong, King Seongjong
지리정보
관련 키워드 조선;두정갑;투구;귀마개;철편;철;화살;활;세종실록;성종;대마도정벌;이봉상;Joseon;Dujeonggap;Sejong;iron;Seongjong
내용 Our forefathers sacrificed their lives to protect the country, and the country protected them through Dujeonggap (두정갑)Studded Armor, which embodied science that went beyond clothing. Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor was the product of the desire for national security.
대본 정보 NAR> The Joseon Dynasty saw numerous small and large battles.
There was an armor that acted as the final guardian of Joseon.

Sub> Unavoidable warfare
Dujeonggap Studded Armor

NAR> It was Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor, which blocked arrows.

Subtitle> Epitome of clothing technology,
final defense mechanism

NAR> Then how was Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor,
which was feared the most out of all Joseon armor, made?

Title> Armor of Joseon
Dujeonggap Studded Armor

NAR> Just like how a spear finds its counterpart in a shield,
armor develops along with the advancements made in weaponry.
It was personal protection at its best,
and the final armor that defended the nation.

Subtitle>
Leather armor
Iron plate armor
Iron armor

PARK Ga-yeong / Prof., Dept. of Fashion Design, Soongeui Women's College
 
In the eyes of the government,
it was an item that decided 

the continuation of the country
and the fortunes it would encounter,
 
so they had to make investments
with a maximum amount of material and skills.


NAR> Joseon’s Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor
was coveted by world powers for its convenience and strength.

Subtitle> PARK Jae-gwang / Konkuk University Museum
 
When looking at the strategies
or weaponry of the Jurchen and Japanese
 
that we fought against in the Joseon Dynasty,
 
we needed weapons with 
great mobility and protection. 
 
From that aspect, studded armor
was needed rather than iron armor.


Subtitle> Korea Army Museum
Nowon-gu, Seoul


NAR> This is the Korea Army Museum with military artifacts compiled.
In the middle is the Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor.

Subtitle> Dujeonggap Studded Armor
Owned and worn by General Lee Bong-sang


NAR> The red silk has lost its sheen,
but the round and thick iron plates set at regular intervals remain
to add dignity to the Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor.

Subtitle> KIM Seong-hye / Vice-Director, Korea Army Museum
 
This armor was worn by General Lee Bong-sang
when he was a Vice-General.
 
There are studs on this armor. 

They are called Dujeong studs,
with "Du" meaning head and "Jeong" meaning stud.
 
What’s inside are metal scales.
These are studs to fix the scales in place.
 
If you look at the metal scales,
you can spot how they look like plates.
 
There are two studs 
for every metal scale.


NAR> The outer garment is made of thick cotton flannel.
Beyond the cotton wool with great thermal quality
lies the interior of the Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor..
Pieces of iron line the interior.

The studs, which look like ornaments, are connected to the pieces of iron
and fix them.

Not only the clothing worn physically, but helmets and earplugs
were also made with studs.


Subtitle> And the studs look like squares.

NAR> The iron pieces are about 1mm thick.
Their sizes change according to position.

When arrows were the main weapon,
the complex structure of cloth, iron and studs
was most effective in blocking sharp arrows…

How was Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor made
that it could block arrows?

The manufacturing methods of various armors
are listed in the weapon section of the Five Rites Manual of the Annals of King Sejong.
We based our reenactment on this.


Subtitle> Making Dujeonggap Studded Armor
1. Tailoring
 
Making Dujeonggap Studded Armor
2. Sewing
 
Making Dujeonggap Studded Armor
3. Perforating
 
Making Dujeonggap Studded Armor
4. Hammering


NAR> The first step is the tailoring of the garment.
The rough sketch of the armor is formed.

Next, the shape of the armor is sewn by hand.

Holes are then made in the garment in order for the studs to be hammered in.
The angles and holes must be matched exactly for the studs and plates to fit.

Lastly, the studs are used in the most important step of making the armor.
The iron pieces, studs and garment are connected.
The studs are hammered in outside of the garment,
and iron pieces are fixed inside.
The pieces are linked like fish scale
to move naturally according to bodily movements.

Iron pieces are concealed inside,
and stud heads are exposed outside.

The studs at regular intervals also look ornamental.
If full iron plates were used, production must have been easy and economical,
so why were the iron pieces connected one by one?


Subtitle> KIM Dae-gyu / CEO, 'Clothing of Warriors' Workshop
 
Iron pieces were connected one by one 
to facilitate movement

and to enhance defensive power
in structural terms.

The numerous iron pieces overlap
like fish scales,

and create the effect of great convenience
and increased defense.


NAR> In the 8th year of King Seongjong’s reign,
arrows were shot 50 steps away from the Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor
made of large palm-sized iron pieces, and the arrows fail to pierce through.

Subtitle> October 29th, 8th year of King Seongjong's reign

The iron armor was taken out and tested,
and the arrows could not pierce through it,
so the Military Armament Agency
was ordered to make armor that way.

NAR> Was that really due to the connected pieces?
What if full plates are used to make the armor?
We decided to do an experiment on the performance of the armor.


Subtitle> Iron plate
Dujeonggap Studded Armor

NAR> Two kinds of tests were implemented.

Full iron plates 1mm thick and parts of Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor
with iron plates of the same material and thickness, were compared.

The arrow of choice was the Yuyeopjeon (유엽전) willow branch arrow,
with the best permeability of Joseon arrows.
How were the results?
The iron plates were used first.
The arrow pierced through the metal.

Subtitle> In the case of 1 mm iron plates,
they are unable to absorb shock,

so there are incidents in which
they are pierced through by turning force. 


NAR> The full iron plate was pierced through,
not being able to withstand the force.

Then how would Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor be different?
We tried shooting arrows after barbed iron pieces were installed.

The results were truly amazing.

The arrow that hit the Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor bounced off.
How could this be possible?


Subtitle> KIM Dae-gyu / CEO, 'Clothing of Warriors' Workshop
 
Iron pieces of Dujeonggap Studded Armor
are connected like fish scales,

so they are able to shake 
due to the spaces in between.


NAR> The Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor shakes in all directions
centered on the iron piece hit by the arrow.


Subtitle> KIM Dae-gyu / CEO, 'Clothing of Warriors' Workshop
 
Dujeonggap Studded Armor
has plates in a radial shape,
 
so it shakes when arrows or bullets
fly toward it.

It is efficient enough to absorb shock,
so its defensive power is extraordinary.


NAR> A barbed structure made up of iron pieces.
This was the science behind the Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor.

When hit by an arrow, the barbed Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor
moves flexibly and dispersed the pressure.

Even within the minute curves of the iron plates
is a science that intensified defensive power.


Subtitle> PARK Ga-yeong / Prof., Dept. of Fashion Design, Soongeui Women's College
 
When full iron plates and scales are cut open,
scales aren't exactly flat but rather a little curvy,

and there are changes per incidence angle.
 
In the case of rings or arrowheads,
they can be pierced through according to angle,

but when they are fragmented
with a little power each, their defensive power heightens.

NAR> Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor with exceptional power was special from its inception.

Subtitle> PARK Ga-yeong / Prof., Dept. of Fashion Design, Soongeui Women's College

That denotes how much importance
they had from a national perspective
 
It was weaponry that went beyond clothing
and determined the existence of a nation,

so it was advanced clothing with significance.

In the Joseon Dynasty, the Military Armament Agency
or Weapons Directorate made them through engineering,

and in order to standardize them, they would
create samples and distribute prototypes per region.

That allowed a uniform way of manufacturing,
and maintenance of a certain quality.

Painting Scrolls on the Mongol Invasions
Created during the Kamakura period, it depicts the battle
between the Yuan Dynasty expeditionary forces and Japanese warriors


NAR> The performance of Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor was revealed the best
during battles.
The Japanese army was greatly intimidated by the sight
of the Goryeo and Mongol allied forces with Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor
being invincible against arrows.


Subtitle> Painting of Conquest of Daemado Island
Scene of Daema-do Island governor surrendering
after General Lee Jong-mu's conquest in 1419 (1st year of King Sejong's reign)


NAR> The Joseon Army was equipped with Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor
at the conquest of Daemado Island, and they won great victory over the Japanese.


Subtitle> Ancestors who risked their lives
to protect the country
Dujeonggap Studded Armor,
Product of the desire to protect the country


NAR> Our forefathers sacrificed their lives to protect the country,
and the country protected them through Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor,
which embodied science that went beyond clothing.
Dujeonggap (두정갑) Studded Armor was the product of the desire for national security.

Provided by/ Korea Cultural Heritage Foundation
Produced by/arirang

Translation/Subtitles
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